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Project Gemini was NASA’s bridge between Mercury and Apollo, using twelve missions to master long-duration flight, , docking, spacewalking, and precision return before the first lunar missions.
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The spacecraft, launch system, docking targets, and individual capsules that made Gemini possible.
Gemini 5 carried Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad for nearly eight days, almost doubling the United States human-spaceflight endurance record and matching the expected duration of a lunar expedition.
Gemini 7 carried Frank Borman and Jim Lovell for nearly fourteen days, proving that a crew and spacecraft could remain effective for the length of an Apollo lunar expedition.
Gemini 1 was the first uncrewed flight of Project Gemini.
Gemini 2 was the program's second uncrewed qualification flight and the first Gemini spacecraft to return through the atmosphere.
Gemini 3 carried Gus Grissom and John Young on the first crewed flight of NASA's new two-person spacecraft.
Gemini 4 carried James McDivitt and Ed White for four days, more than doubling the duration of any previous American crewed mission.
Gemini 9A carried Tom Stafford and Gene Cernan after the original crew, Elliot See and Charles Bassett, died in a training accident.
Gemini 6A carried Wally Schirra and Tom Stafford on the first successful rendezvous between two independently maneuvering crewed spacecraft.
Gemini 8 carried Neil Armstrong and David Scott to the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit.
Gemini 10 carried John Young and Michael Collins on the first mission to rendezvous with two separate uncrewed spacecraft.
Gemini 11 carried Pete Conrad and Richard Gordon on the most operationally ambitious flight of the program.
Gemini 12 carried Jim Lovell and Buzz Aldrin on the final flight of Project Gemini.